PSG has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.